Methodology

The anatomopathological study of samples of human tissues allows, through macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, the diagnosis of various pathologies, using conventional and special histological stains that are analyzed by medical pathology specialists.
The UDHO offers cytological and histological analysis of tumor and hematological lesions for specialized anatomopathological diagnosis, based on the standards and guidelines recommended by the American College of Pathologists (CAP).

Type of sample

Tissue biopsies fixed in formaldehyde.
Biopsies included in paraffin blocks.
Body fluids fixed in alcohol.
Blood or bone marrow in tube with EDTA anticoagulant (Lilac cap).
Result Availability

Availability of results

Five (5) business days.

Methodology

Immunohistochemistry is a specialized immunological technique, based on the immunological labeling of tissues fixed in formaldehyde and included in paraffin, from tissue biopsies where an oncological disease is suspected. In this technique specific antibodies, associated with enzymes that allow microscopic visualization, are used to evaluate the presence of the various cellular markers in the sample.

It has extensive panels of certified antibodies for the diagnosis of epithelial, stromal and hematological neoplasms, supported under a fully automated platform, based on current international classifications and under the context of oncological protocols that define the treatment of patients and the prognosis. specific to each entity.

Additionally, the immunohistochemistry service without reading is available for external pathology laboratories that require it.

Type of sample

• Tissue biopsies fixed in formol.
• Biopsies included in paraffin blocks.

Result Availability

Ten (10) business days.

Immunophenotyping of Leukemias and Lymphomas

Methodology

Flow cytometry is a specialized and multiparametric immunological technique in which monoclonal antibodies labeled with fluorochromes are used, directed against antigens located in the membrane, cytoplasm or the nucleus of the cell. In this way, it is possible to know various parameters of the cell under study, such as: lineage, state of differentiation and maturity, according to the degree of complexity, size and expression of antigens, for the diagnostic orientation in the field of the various hematological pathologies. , according to the classification of the World Health Organization (WHO).

The immunophenotypic results obtained are interpreted by cytometric medical pathologists, based on the guidelines established by the “EuroFlow” consortium.

The possibility of a preliminary oral report is offered to the attending physician in the first 24 hours.

Type of sample

• Peripheral blood or bone marrow tube with formaldehyde.
• Body fluids such as: cerebrospinal, pleural, ascitic, among others (in tubes with preservatives supplied by the UDHO).
• Lymph node or any type of solid sample in saline.

Result Availability

Five (5) business days.

Methodology

This type of study uses monoclonal antibodies, directed against cell surface antigens that allow to quantify in absolute and percentage numbers the different types of lymphocytes present in the sample, providing information on the patient’s immune status.

Type of sample

• Blood or bone marrow in tube with EDTA anticoagulant (Lilac cap).

Result Availability

Three (3) business days.

Methodology

Giemsa banding

Type of sample

• Peripherally blood
• Bone marrow

In tube with anticoagulant sodium heparin (green cap tube) with a minimum volume of 3 ml.

Result Availability

20 business days.

The study of molecular markers in oncology has had a great impact in the diagnosis and monitoring of each disease, considering that some of these markers can act as targets for treatment and follow-up, facilitating the early detection of relapses and orienting personalized treatment options.

Molecular Cytogenetics

Molecular cytogenetic studies aimed at the detection of genetic anomalies are available through “in situ hybridization” through the fluorescencia (FISH) and cromógenos (CISH).

FISH is a technique most frequently used for confirmatory oncological hematocrit diagnosis and corresponds to a highly sensitive cytochemical methodology that allows the identification and localization of nucleic acid sequences in morphologically conserved structures. It is based on the specific pairing of two complementary nucleic acid sequences, in which a labeled probe forms a hybrid with the DNA sequence under study that can be visualized through a fluorescence or light microscope.

This methodology is available under a certified platform for the confirmatory diagnosis of hematolymphoid, epithelial and stromal neoplasms and in a permanent scientific partnership with cytogenetic diagnostic centers in Europe.

Molecular Biology

At present, specialized and novel methodologies with clinical utility in the area of ​​molecular biology are required.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification techniques, conventional and in real time, as well as the nucleic acid sequencing, allow the tracking of specific sequences that offer increasingly detailed and secure information in the diagnosis and detection of specific genetic alterations, associated with various oncological diseases.

These diagnostic techniques are useful for a better treatment and monitoring of patients, based on consensus and internationally certified platforms, under scientific advice in partnership with molecular diagnostic centers in Europe.

Type of sample

• Peripheral blood or bone marrow in tube with EDTA anticoagulant (Lilac cap).
• Tissue biopsies included in paraffin.

Result Availability

10 business days (Molecular Cytogenetics)

15 business days (Molecular Biology)